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Cognitive dissonance is an uncomfortable feeling that arises when people hold opposing viewpoints or beliefs.

Have you ever felt this way? If so, how did you deal with it? Most people deal with cognitive dissonance in one of two ways. One approach is to change views and beliefs to bring them into harmony. This may be called the healthy approach because it prompts an analysis of salient issues and personal values. Analysis may produce new insights on important issues, and assessment of personal principles may increase self-awareness of embraced values.

The second approach to coping with cognitive dissonance involves what are called defense mechanisms. Defense mechanisms are psychological coping strategies that hide or mask the underlying problem. Defense mechanisms are undesirable because they prevent people from dealing with and resolving the source of the mental discomfort. Common defense mechanisms for coping with cognitive dissonance include blaming, justifying, and denying. So, in other words, people experiencing cognitive dissonance may try to blame others for their opposing beliefs or for feelings of discomfort, try to rationalize their opposing viewpoints, or deny that their viewpoints are in opposition or that they produce discomfort. 

The other day while driving through the streets of Salt Lake City, I noticed two interesting bumper stickers on the same car. One sticker read “Protect Wildlife”. The other was a pro Planned Parenthood bumper sticker. I thought about those two stickers for a few seconds and then realized that they convey somewhat opposing ideas.

Planned Parenthood is a pro-choice and pro-abortion organization, particularly when it comes to resorting to abortion as a form of selective birth control. Planned Parenthood advocates killing human fetuses when pregnancies are unwanted. Then there is the Protect Wildlife sticker which advocates going to great lengths to protect animal species, such as denying residential, commercial, or needed infrastructural development permits to protect a small animal. 

Hmm? Is it okay to kill a human fetus but not okay to kill an endangered rodent? Is it okay to kill a human fetus but not okay to disrupt the nesting grounds of an endangered bird? 

I am not saying that we shouldn’t protect wildlife. (Please, no comments on how we need to be good stewards of the earth. I am on board with that message.) This post is about thinking that it is okay to end a human life while thinking that it is not okay to kill an animal.

How do more liberal leaning folks who embrace these opposing viewpoints deal with the inherent conflict? My guess is that most resort to defense mechanisms - approach #2 above. They either deny that there is a conflict; blame conservatives for messing up the world; or attempt to rationalize their opposing viewpoints by saying things like “It is more important to protect a woman’s choice than it is to protect a human life” or that “A fetus does not have a right to life until it is born.”

A thoughtful analysis (a’la approach #1 above) will reveal that these two viewpoints are disharmonious and that one should be dropped, preferably the Planned Parenthood viewpoint.

 


Comments

10/26/2010 18:16

Interesting observation. I had not thought about the potential contradiction between "pro-choice" and "pro-wildlife." I guess that issue would become especially pronounced if bumper stickers for both issues were found on the SAME car.

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Stan
10/26/2010 20:13

I think the term "Protect Wildlife" in this context means something like "Let's not destroy entire species" or "Let's make sure there are wild animals left in the wild" or something similar. It does not imply, I don't think, protecting each individual wild animal. For example, I think it is perfectly consonant to have a bumper sticker that says "Protect Wildlife" and "I like to hunt Elk".

I think you've setup a false dichotomy.

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Stan
10/26/2010 20:15

Not that there isn't plenty of cog dis to go around, mind you. =:)

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Stan
10/26/2010 21:47

What I think is a true contradiction is pro-life and pro-death penalty, which seem to go together for some reason.

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Michael
10/27/2010 07:22

I see the same cognitive dissonance when we talk about gay marriage and protecting the traditional family. So many people will spout off a litany of reasons why gay marriage is a threat to the family structure but conveniently leave out adultery, divorce, out-of-wedlock births, bad parenting, and co-habitation amongst straight people. It is such a strange exercise to see them make excuses for not criminalizing or legislating these much more serious threats to the family and instead focusing laser-like on same sex marriage.

Are those people using the defense mechanism approach you mention above or are they merely using a minority group as a scapegoat? I wonder how they deal with the internal conflict.

Could scapegoating also be considered a reaction to trying to deal with cognitive dissonance?

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Michael
10/27/2010 07:25

Also it should probably be pointed out that our Church does not consider abortion to be murder. It is a grevious and very serious sin but it is not classified as murder. The General Handbook of Instructions is very clear on pointing that out.

Most members are not aware of the Lord's true position on that and, instead, accept the "murder" definition proposed by the apostate evangelical community.

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Dave C.
10/27/2010 10:02

Stan,

"I think the term "Protect Wildlife" in this context means something like "Let's not destroy entire species" or "Let's make sure there are wild animals left in the wild" or something similar."

-You may be right, but something tells me that the guy in the car is a bonafide, certified tree hugger. He he. Who knows?

"I think you've setup a false dichotomy."
-In some circumstances, perhaps, but then I'd prefer to call it a 'binary negation' or something else that doesn't sound so bad.

I've given some thought to pro-life and pro-death penalty in the past. A big difference for me is that babies are innocent while death row inmates are guilty. The interesting thing about the death penalty, however, is that it may not fit the classical definition of punishment. Punishment, according to Behaviorism, is something that reduces the future probability of a certain behavior. Now capitol punishment certainly reduces the future probability of a person re-committing a crime, but it reduces the future probability of all behaviors to nil. I don't think this fits the classical definition of punishment. I think the death penalty is more about vengence, and I am okay with that in certain circumstances.

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Dave C.
10/27/2010 10:10

Michael,

" So many people will spout off a litany of reasons why gay marriage is a threat to the family structure but conveniently leave out adultery, divorce, out-of-wedlock births, bad parenting, and co-habitation amongst straight people."

- You bring up a good point. I think the church spokesmen have done a good job of clarifying this issue. They've stated that the current debate is not just about gay marriage. The church takes a stand against all sexual relations outside the bonds of marriage.

"Also it should probably be pointed out that our Church does not consider abortion to be murder."
- Right. From my missionary experience people who had an abortion could still be baptized; they just had to talk to the mission prez. Doesn't sound like the murder that evangelicals are proposing.

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10/27/2010 11:12

Also, I think the blanket statement of abortion is wrong is not considerate of all options. My wife and I have discussed that in a case whether we had to choose to have an abortion or she would die, we have made the decision that we would choose to have the abortion that we could then have more children later. I am sure that some people will disagree but we felt it was necessary to have a plan in case of an emergency. There are of course other scenarios that could warrant it as well. I personally believe that whenever we exclude ANY and ALL possibilities of something, we need to re-evaluate our stance and perhaps become more centralist or moderate allowing that there are exceptions to the norm.

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Dave C.
10/27/2010 11:34

Taylor,

I generally agree with what you've said. I wish to point out that my post refers to abortions used as a form of selective birth control (e.g., "Oops. I am pregnant. I guess I will get an obortion although there is nothing physically wrong with me or the baby.")

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Stan
10/27/2010 11:58

"I think the death penalty is more about vengence, and I am okay with that in certain circumstances."

Vengeance is mine, thus sayest Dave. =:)

There is also the angle of the death penalty being deterrent to other would be criminals. While the data is mixed on this point, my position is that we as humans are not in a position to pass this kind of judgement on others.

As for abortion, I agree there are times where it is necessary. I also don't believe using embryonic stem cells is tantamount to abortion. My friend's wife became pregnant in her mid '40s. The fetus was diagnosed with a severe genetic disorder. Her doctors said if the fetus survived during the gestation period and she carried the fetus full term, it would most certainly die within a few hours after birth. My friend and his wife are Catholic and so probably did not use birth control (which is another issue entirely) and so did not choose to abort the fetus. Against all odds, their son was born and is now 6 months old. Other than a few physical defects and some developmental problems, the little guy has a good chance at surviving. Of course the doctors are scratching their heads.

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Dave C.
10/27/2010 12:18

"Vengeance is mine, thus sayest Dave"

- Only when I am doing the will of the Lord ;)

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10/27/2010 12:22

Absolutely, I agree when abortion is used as a form of birth control, that is problematic. There are other options available. I think you have to evaluate the intent of the individual, most of which abortion for birth control purposes involve pride. They are considering the shame or inconvenience of being pregnant not the baby's life. In those instances, my opinion is they need to consider more than just themselves.

Anyway, I was mostly wanting to point out that the rhetoric of anti-abortionists typically do not involve any choice on the parent's part. It is an all or nothing for them and life just isn't that simple.

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Cynthia L.
10/27/2010 13:59

"I wish to point out that my post refers to abortions used as a form of selective birth control (e.g., "Oops. I am pregnant. I guess I will get an abortion although there is nothing physically wrong with me or the baby.")"

It should be pointed out that Planned Parenthood is about more than just "oops I am pregnant I guess I will get an abortion." I assume that women with extreme cases where even you or I might choose abortion (see, for example, Taylor's comment above) avail themselves of Planned Parenthood, not just the "oops" cases. Also, Planned Parenthood is the go-to for uninsured women for all reproductive health care: birth control, Pap smear/annual exam, pre-natal care, etc. According to American Life League (a Pro-Life group), only 287 of the 855 Planned Parenthood clinics in the US even offer abortions. According to American Life League, PP performs about 200K abortions annually (obviously way too many). But, for comparison, they did 1mil Pap smears and 3.3mil tests for sexually transmitted diseases. Not that Mitt Romney is my exemplar or anything, but even he and his wife attended a Planned Parenthood fundraiser while he was governor. I'm assuming his reasoning was that their non-abortion services are valuable for the community, especially low-income women.

All that said, anybody who likes Planned Parenthood enough to choose to put a PP bumper sticker on their car probably does support the idea that women can choose to abort in the "oops" cases, not just emergencies. So it's probably safe to disregard my comment. :)

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Olive
10/27/2010 16:59

I seriously doubt anyone uses Planned Parenthood for abortion services for any other reason than "oops". The only other reason for an elective abortion is because of a genetic defect, and if they knew that, it'd be assumed that they had medical insurance and private care already established. In that case, they would most likely be going through their private doctor. Not going to a place in a strip mall that caters mostly to the uninsured and teenagers.

Also, there are no cases where abortion is medically necessary "to ave the mom's life". A c-section can be preformed in 2 minutes flat in an emergency, and even if the baby had to be delivered that way prematurely, with little to no chance of life, you still could go that route and not have them do an abortion procedure, which is inhumane and cruel to the ("fetus") baby. At least if he is born, they can make his little time on Earth comfortable with drugs and the warm touch of mom and dad...not the sharp edge of a knife.

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djinn
10/27/2010 17:15

The country with the lowest (actually countable) abortion rate in the world is the Netherlands, where contraception and abortion are both widely available. Similar results hold in Scandinavia. Being anti-planned parenthood (i.e., anti available contraception and anti abortion) is, measurably (though paradoxically) increasing the number of abortions in the USA. Congrats.

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djinn
10/27/2010 17:41

Let's not forget that girls from religious schools have a higher abortion rate than those from public schools.

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/31048153/

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Dave C.
10/28/2010 10:28

djinn,

In other countries where abortion is legal and widely available (as it is in the Netherlands), the abortion rates are the highest (e.g., Vietnam). (See, for example, http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/25s3099.html)

Extending the logic you've used, it would appear that being pro-abortion is measurably increasing the number of abortions in some countries.

Claiming that being anti-Planned Parenthood is increasing abortions in the US is a hasty conclusion. Is the US really anti PP? How do you measure being anti-PP? To ascertain whether being anti-PP is correlated with increased abortions we would need data from several countries with similar organizations as our PP. We would also need to control/account for other variables such as cultural and religious values, socioeconomic status, type of health care, political orientation, etc.

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Dave C.
10/28/2010 10:33

Olive,

Two thumbs up.

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Grant
10/28/2010 13:06

Stan: "What I think is a true contradiction is pro-life and pro-death penalty, which seem to go together for some reason. "

Neither this nor Dave's Wildlife - vs. Abortion example or contradictory in the slightest. The latter for the reason you already pointed out, this one because "pro-life" has never been intended to be understood as all life. If it was people who were pro life would be out picketing gardening centers for selling insecticides. Nor is it meant to even apply to all human life, or all pro life people would also be anti war. There is nothing contradictory in opposing abortion and still believing that a person can, through their actions, forfeit their right to live.

(For the record, I myself am *not* pro-life and consider all arguments in opposition to the legality of abortion nonsensical and ethically hazardous, but this seemed like a fairly obvious point so I feel safe with the explanaton)

What I would consider a true contradiction are people who are pro-life but oppose things like universal health care... basically saying it's supremely important and vital that we get these kids born... but once that's done actually taking care of these very very important lives just aren't our concern any more and if th parent's can't afford it that's tough luck.

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Cynthia L.
10/29/2010 00:36

"In that case, they would most likely be going through their private doctor."

Do regular OB/GYNs do abortions? I thought really the only doctors who do are in PP or other abortion clinics. But it isn't something I've shopped around for, obviously.

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ray
11/01/2010 07:31

I say we honor all life -- but I recognize that even that simple platitude can be the source of great disagreement and debate.

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11/03/2010 22:57

I recently have been experiencing a different type of cognitive dissonance because of some of the classes I am taking. The professors try to shove down my throat social justice. I think the way that they do it is what bothers me, after all growing up in the church we are taught love one another, etc. but what they are teaching isn't about love it's about dominance and power. It feels all wrong. The gospel teaches us that equality can be reached through charity, they teach equality must be forced and legislated. It almost feels satanic in its coercive tactics. The ideas of equality and equity are valid but their methods seem skewed. I didn't mean to hijack your comment thread but I just wanted to relate this to something going on in my life.

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Grant
11/07/2010 11:38

Taylor:

If I were to step into a religious mindset for a moment, I think the disconnect you are experiencing is a lack of recognizing the difference between theory and practice.

Yes, the bible says you *should* engage in charity, however it also... correct me if I'm wrong... teaches that humans are far from perfect and aren't going to behave the way they should much of the time. Hence the need for "coercive" laws to enforce ethical behavior in a society.

Yes, it would be nice if everyone was generous and charitable enough that all of society's downtrodden were just naturally sufficiently cared without a structured effort on behalf of government to make it happen... but the reality is that people are *not* sufficiently generous and charitable to achieve that outcome absent that "coercive" social justice legislation.

So as a matter of practical necessity if you want social justice, you need to enact social justice legislation to make sure it gets taken care of.

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